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A) Ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome only

B) Ipsilateral phrenic nerve palsy causing 25% reduction in spirometric indices

C) Permanent brachial plexus injury in approximately 10% of cases

D) Contralateral pneumothorax

A) Administer thiopentone 5 mg/kg IV

B) Administer 20% lipid emulsion 1.5 mL/kg IV bolus and begin infusion

C) Perform immediate tracheal intubation with succinylcholine

D) Administer magnesium sulphate 2 g IV over 10 minutes

A) Superior coverage of the posterior knee capsule

B) Preservation of quadriceps motor function facilitating earlier mobilisation

C) Longer duration of analgesia due to deeper nerve deposition

D) Avoidance of saphenous nerve injury

A) Lidocaine

B) Prilocaine

C) Bupivacaine

D) Ropivacaine

A) Femoral nerve block

B) Adductor canal block

C) Fascia iliaca compartment block

D) Lumbar plexus block (posterior approach)

A) Anterior to the subclavian artery at the first rib

B) Posterior to the axillary artery at the level of the coracoid process

C) Within the fascial sheath of the biceps tendon

D) Between the cords of the plexus at the clavicular level

A) Interscalene brachial plexus block with 20 mL 0.5% bupivacaine

B) Supraclavicular brachial plexus block

C) Infraclavicular brachial plexus block

D) Cervical plexus block combined with suprascapular nerve block

A) Sural nerve

B) Common peroneal nerve

C) Tibial nerve

D) Saphenous nerve

A) 100 mg

B) 210 mg

C) 350 mg

D) 500 mg

A) Between the external oblique and internal oblique muscles

B) Between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles

C) Deep to the transversus abdominis muscle

D) Superficial to the external oblique fascia

A) Prolonged motor block from high-dose bupivacaine

B) Epidural haematoma at lumbar level

C) Saphenous nerve neuropraxia

D) Reactive hypoglycaemia causing peripheral neuropathy

A) Ropivacaine

B) Levobupivacaine

C) Prilocaine

D) Bupivacaine

A) Ulnar nerve

B) Median nerve

C) Musculocutaneous nerve

D) Radial nerve

A) Patient on therapeutic anticoagulation with warfarin (INR 2.5)

B) Patient refusal of the procedure

C) Mild thrombocytopenia (platelet count 100 x 10^9/L)

D) Allergy to chlorhexidine skin preparation

A) Rebound arterial hypertension

B) Rapid systemic absorption of local anaesthetic causing LAST

C) Venous thromboembolism from stasis

D) Ischaemic injury to the forearm from tourniquet time

A) Patients with known allergy to levobupivacaine

B) Patients on therapeutic anticoagulation requiring thoracic analgesia after rib fractures

C) Patients with known arachnoid cyst at L3

D) Patients with bilateral phrenic nerve palsy

A) Direct injury to the facial nerve during needle insertion

B) Spread of local anaesthetic to the cervical sympathetic chain and stellate ganglion

C) Inadvertent intravascular injection into the vertebral artery

D) Compression of the internal carotid artery by local anaesthetic volume

A) Tibial and sural nerves

B) Superficial peroneal and deep peroneal nerves

C) Saphenous and tibial nerves

D) Deep peroneal and sural nerves

A) Defer the block until apixaban levels are undetectable by anti-Xa assay

B) Proceed with the block as fascia iliaca is a compressible site with acceptable risk

C) Perform a spinal anaesthetic instead as it carries lower bleeding risk

D) Administer andexanet alfa before performing the block

A) pKa of the molecule

B) Degree of protein binding

C) Lipid solubility

D) Molecular weight